One of the biggest challenges that DNP students face with their capstone projects is narrowing down their topic and creating a focused clinical question or problem to address. There are so many interesting areas within healthcare that could benefit from an evidence-based project. It’s important to select a manageable scope that can be adequately addressed within the program timelines. Coming up with a research question or aim that is focused but not too narrow can be difficult.

Developing the project proposal and gaining necessary approvals is another major hurdle. The proposal needs to clearly articulate the need for the project, planned methodology, intended outcomes, and how it will advance nursing practice. Getting site and institutional review board approval can take time and requires multiple revisions. Students may struggle with writing the proposal in a way that meets all requirements for approval on the first attempt.

Securing any needed funding or resources can pose a challenge as well. Many projects require purchasing equipment, supplies, hiring staff, or compensating participants. This requires well-developed budgets and finding sponsors. It adds another layer of complexity to have to coordinate funding alongside the many other capstone timelines and tasks.

Implementing interventions or data collection exactly as outlined in the proposal can be difficult. Unexpected barriers may arise that impact timelines or require modifications to the plan. Participant recruitment may not go as smoothly as intended, requiring alternative strategies. Staff buy-in and adherence to new protocols presents hurdles. Technology implementations or other clinical changes may uncover unforeseen issues. Adapting to changes necessitates additional approval and documentation.

Analysis of collected data is a major challenge area for students who often have limited prior experience with advanced research methodologies and statistics. Making sense of both quantitative and qualitative results requires expertise that may still be developing at the DNP level. Interpreting unexpected or non-significant findings poses difficulties in drawing meaningful conclusions. Rigor is needed to avoid bias or overstating results.

Preparing the extensive final written project paper and oral defense are massive undertakings. The document needs to follow a structured format and rigorously report all aspects of the project from problem statement to outcomes to impact on practice. In-depth literature reviews and adherence to advanced academic writing standards challenge many students, as does preparing and delivering confident presentations to panels of experts.

Time management is an overarching challenge in an already packed DNP curriculum. Completing coursework, clinical hours, and the capstone simultaneously within strict program timelines is highly stressful and demanding. Coordinating with multiple stakeholders, facilities, and deadlines places an enormous time burden on students who often juggle multiple roles like employee, parent, caregiver alongside their studies. Any delays along the way threaten missing important benchmarks.

While support is available from advisors, chairs, mentors and peers, the student holds ultimate responsibility for a successful outcome of their capstone project. This level of independence, combined with the complexity and size of the required undertaking, means that facing setbacks or struggles is very common. Overcoming challenges is a core part of the DNP educational journey and prepares students for real-world practice challenges at the highest level. With persistence, flexibility, and guidance from supportive teams, most students are ultimately able to complete impactful projects despite the difficulties encountered along the way.

Some of the biggest challenges DNP students face when conducting their capstone projects stem from issues like developing a clear and focused project question or aim, gaining all necessary approvals, securing resources, implementing clinical changes or data collection plans as intended, analyzing results, meeting academic standards for written work and presentations, and intensive time management within already busy schedules. Working through inevitable hurdles is an important part of the educational process and prepares graduates well for leadership roles in advanced practice nursing.