This capstone project took approximately 9 months to complete from initial planning stages through final delivery and presentation. While every capstone is different based on the specific goals, challenges, and team dynamics, here is a breakdown of the major stages and approximate time spent on each for this particular project:

Planning and Proposal Development (1 month) – The first step was determining a scope and focus for the project that would provide value and learning while also being achievable within the timeframe and resource constraints. This involved researching potential topics, identifying key stakeholders, assessing feasibility, and outlining a preliminary plan and timeline. A formal proposal was then written, reviewed, and approved to gain official project authorization and secure needed resources/funding.

Requirements Gathering and Analysis (2 months) – With the proposal approved, we moved into more in-depth research, stakeholder interviews, process documentation, data collection, and competitive analysis to fully understand requirements. User needs, success metrics, constraints, risks, and opportunities were explored. Functional and non-functional requirements were logically organized, documented, and validated with stakeholders. Edge cases, assumptions, and open questions were identified to guide subsequent development phases.

Design and Architecture (2 months) – Leveraging the detailed requirements analysis, we began designing solutions at both a high level (system architecture) and low level (detailed design). Major architectural decisions were made regarding technologies, frameworks, patterns, interfaces, scalability, security etc. User flows, information architectures, APIs, databases, reports and more were designed. Technical specifications and prototypes helped validate designs with stakeholders prior to development. Resources and schedules were revised as needed based on validated designs.

Development and Testing (3 months) – With designs complete and approved, development commenced according to an iterative approach. Small increments of functionality were built based on priority. Rigorous unit, integration, system, performance, security and user acceptance testing were conducted on each increment. Documentation, configuration management and quality assurance processes were followed. Frequent stakeholder demos and feedback sessions ensured work remained on track. Bugs were addressed during development sprints rather than through separate testing phases.

Implementation and Deployment (1 month) – Once development and testing deemed the system ready, focus shifted to deployment preparation. Deployment, configuration, data migration and cut-over plans were finalized. User training materials and support processes were established. The system underwent pre-deployment testing and dry runs prior to any production rollout. With stakeholder sign-off, the project was then officially implemented and transitioned operations over a planned rollout period.

Documentation and Closure (1 month) – The final phase involved documenting all processes, designs, configurations, test cases/results, issues/resolutions, and lessons learned from the project. As-built configurations and a full operations manual handed the system/process over to its organizational owners and support teams. Releases were packaged for reproducibility. Stakeholders provided final acceptance. Resources were reallocated as the project ended and preparations commenced for follow-on initiatives identified during this project. Impacts to the organization were assessed and communication disseminated regarding next steps for continuous improvement and benefits realization.

In total, with allowances for iterative development cycles, stakeholder feedback periods, testing timeframes, deployment preparation, documentation and closure, this particular capstone took approximately 9 months from initial planning through final delivery and acceptance. Of course, real-world projects regularly involve unforeseen challenges that impact schedules. This breakdown aims to provide a transparent view into typical time investments across the life cycle of a substantive project with educationally valuable goals completed through dedicated collaborative effort. Proper planning, analysis, design care, testing rigor and management focus helped maintain alignment to scope and timeline for successful completion of learning objectives through practical work.