Engineering:

A major capstone project for many engineering programs is the senior design project. In this, senior engineering students work in teams to design and build a prototype or functioning product to solve a real-world problem. Some examples of senior design projects include:

Mechanical engineering students designing and building a device to help with material handling or automation of a manufacturing process. Their project would include modeling, prototyping, testing and evaluation.

Electrical/Computer engineering students developing a new hardware or software product. This could be an embedded system, mobile app, website or other technology product. Their project would follow the whole development life cycle from concept to deployment.

Civil engineering students designing and planning the construction of a building, bridge or other infrastructure project. Their project would involve assessing needs, performing calculations and simulations, creating technical drawings and specifications, developing a full construction plan, budget, schedule and addressing any regulatory requirements.

Business:

For business majors, the capstone often consists of a research study or business plan for a new venture. Some examples include:

Marketing students conducting quantitative and qualitative market research into a new product or service idea. This would include identifying target customers, analyzing the competition, assessing demand and developing a full marketing and communications strategy.

Management students writing a comprehensive business plan for launching their own startup company. The plan covers all aspects of launching the venture from market analysis, operations, management team, fundraising needs to projected financials like revenue, costs and profitability over multiple years.

Finance or accounting students performing a detailed financial analysis of a public company. Their project involves researching the industry, valuing the company, conducting ratio analysis of financial statements, and providing investment recommendations based on their findings.

Nursing:

For many nursing programs, the capstone takes the form of a research study or program evaluation within a healthcare setting. Examples include:

Conducting an evidence-based research study on a topic like a new clinical treatment, ways to reduce patient falls in a hospital, or strategies for improving patient education. This would require a literature review, research methods, data collection and analysis and conclusions.

Developing and evaluating a new staff training program, patient screening tool, or community health education program. The project assesses the need, implements the program and measures its outcomes and effectiveness.

Undertaking a process improvement project, for example analyzing hospital readmission rates and developing interventions to reduce readmissions of patients with chronic illnesses. This thoroughly evaluates current processes and ways to integrate practice changes.

Computer Science:

Common computer science capstone projects involve developing substantial software, web or mobile applications to solve problems. Examples include:

Creating a new full-stack web application from scratch like a social network, e-commerce site, or organizational task management system. It requires designing, coding, testing and deploying both the front-end and back-end.

Developing an original mobile app idea with features like geolocation, multimedia, backend integration and more. The app would need to work across different device types and operating systems.

Designing database structures and developing a data analytics or machine learning application involving large datasets. The project aims to extract insights, identify patterns and build predictive models.

Contributing new functionalities or modules to an open source project. This allows students to work on real-world complex codebases while improving an existing product or tool.

The examples shared here represent just a sample of types of substantive, real-world focused capstone projects undertaken across different academic disciplines. A key goal of capstone work is providing students experiential opportunities to integrate and apply the knowledge and skills developed throughout their studies to solve problems or develop products in a hands-on manner. This helps prepare them for professional careers in their respective fields.